In a large bowl, add the flour, salt and butter. Wearing disposable gloves, we begin to rub the butter with the flour with our fingers, until the mixture looks like crumbs.
Add the water, 1 egg yolk and knead until you create a smooth dough.
Shape the dough into a disc, wrap it in plastic wrap and put it in the refrigerator for 1 hour.
Preheat the oven to 160°C ( 320°F) in fan mode.
Place 2 sheets of parchment paper on a workbench and sprinkle with flour. Using a rolling pin, roll out the dough between the parchment paper sheets. If the dough sticks, sprinkle it with a little more flour.
Grease with butter and flour a round tart pan, 26 cm (10 inches) in diameter, with a removable bottom. Spread the dough into the tart pan, pressing it well, so that it sticks to the bottom and sides of the pan.
Pierce the bottom of the tart with a fork in many places. Cover the dough with plastic wrap and put some weight (beans, lentils or baking weights) on it, so that the dough does not rise during baking.
Bake for 30 minutes and remove the tart base from the oven and brush it with the yolk spread. Raise the temperature to 180°C (360 °F), bake again until golden and set the base aside.
Lower the oven temperature to 160°C (320°F) in the fan mode.